The Goods and Services Tax (GST), introduced in India on 1 July 2017, replaced excise duty, service tax, value-added tax (VAT), entry tax and other levies with a single, destination-based indirect tax. Agriculture is largely exempt from GST, but the sector is affected indirectly through taxes on inputs, machinery, processing and services. This paper compares the GST regime that applied to agriculture from 2017 to September 2025 (GST 1.0) with the rate rationalisation recommended by the 56th GST Council meeting on 3 September 2025 and effective from 22 September 2025 (popularly called GST 2.0). Using official notifications, Council documents, earlier academic work and early market evidence, it assesses effects on farm machinery, fertiliser inputs, bio-inputs, dairy, supply chains and compliance. The reform moved most farm machinery, tractor parts, irrigation equipment, bio-pesticides and key fertiliser raw materials to the 5 percent rate and cut tax on several dairy products, and tractor sales rose sharply in the months that followed. However, the benefit to farmers depends on pass-through by manufacturers, access to credit, input-use practices and digital readiness. The paper concludes that GST 2.0 is a clear step toward lowering farm costs, and that targeted measures on compliance, awareness and sustainable input use are needed for the gains to reach small and marginal farmers.